The effect of hydrogen on aluminum alloys can manifest itself in a phenomenon known as high-temperature oxidation (HTO), also known as high-temperature deterioration (HTD). A case study involving 2024 and 7075 aluminum aerospace fasteners in which hydrogen-induced damage was found after solution heat-treatment and aging operations serves as an excellent example.

This article introduces a practical technique that enables the reduction of burning loss or mill scale and increases yield in most kinds of steels. The technique is most successfully adopted in open-die hot forging and hot rolling of stainless and other expensive alloy steels.