microstructure

Optimized Cooling Rates of Microalloyed Steels (Part II)

The first installment of this article covered the problem of properly cooling forged microalloyed steels. In this second and final article we discuss details on heat-transfer coefficients, experimentation, production simulation and final results enabling more extensive use of this class of steels.

February 7, 2020

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The first part of this article ran in the December 2019 issue. It gave an overview of a challenge facing forgers of microalloyed steels – controlled cooling!

Optimized Cooling Rates of Microalloyed Steels (Part I)

James Miller John Walters C.J. Van Tyne

December 11, 2019

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This article covers the vexing problem of properly cooling forged microalloyed steels. This first of two parts will discuss the technical and business benefits of forged microalloyed steels.

Understanding the Jominy End-Quench Test

Classic steel hardenability testing

James Marrow

September 17, 2019

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The Jominy end-quench test is used to measure the hardenability of a steel, which is a measure of the capacity of the steel to harden in depth under a given set of conditions. This article considers the basic concepts of hardenability and the Jominy test.

Modern Ring-Rolling Simulations Aid Design, Identify Defects

Ring-rolling simulations have matured into a necessary tool for the efficient production of defect-free rings. Most defects encountered in production can now reliably be detected in a simulation, and solutions for the defects can be quickly implemented and verified. The optimized ring-rolling technology-chain simulation virtually ensures a defect-free product, and the information from the successful simulation can be used to set the operating parameters of your rolling mill.

Dr. Nikolay Biba Tom Ellinghausen

August 8, 2019

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Anyone that has designed processes to manufacture seamless rolled rings knows how challenging it is to produce them defect-free and with the required properties.

Decarburization

Daniel Herring

July 30, 2018

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There is a group of recurring questions asked of The Heat Treat Doctor, all of which are centered around: “How much surface oxidation is allowable on a steel part?”

Liz Holm, Materials Science and Engineering Professor, Carnegie Mellon University

Automatically Evaluating Microstructures

September 25, 2017

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Carnegie Mellon University Materials Science and Engineering Professor Liz Holm discusses using machine learning algorithms to search microstructure images for cracks, defects and rare features.

Forging Materials: Copper Alloys

John Walters C.J. Van Tyne

April 1, 2013

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Our series on forging materials concludes with an examination of copper alloys.

Forging Materials: Titanium Alloys

C.J. Van Tyne John Walters

August 6, 2012

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Titanium is the main constituent in titanium alloys, of course, but they can contain a significant amount of other elements, which are added for a variety of metallurgical reasons. The strength of titanium alloys can often be comparable to steel, but they have the advantage of having only about 60% of the weight.

Forging Materials: Aluminum Alloys

C.J. Van Tyne John Walters

May 2, 2012

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This article continues FORGE’s series on forging materials. The first installment on nonferrous forging materials discusses aluminum alloys that are used in forged components. A general description of aluminum alloys is followed by details of their chemistry and microstructure.

Forging Materials: Stainless Steels

C.J. Van Tyne John Walters

October 3, 2011

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Like all steels, stainless steels are iron-based alloys. They are considered a special class of steels because of their high alloy content and their special properties as compared to plain-carbon and low-alloy steels.