Like any advanced manufacturing process or enterprise, process controls are critical in meeting the demanding customer requirements of forged products.

In the 1930s, Friedrich Singer started using a zinc-phosphate coating as a lubricant for semi-finished products in cold-forming processes.

Grain flow is the orientation of grains and inclusions/particles within the metal caused by plastic deformation.

The use of precast refractory is a growing specialty in the refractory industry.

Flash-reduced forging is a promising alternative for the forging of complex heavy-duty parts.

This article – the fourth in our series – concentrates on advanced raw materials, which add shape and value to materials ranging from specialty and microalloyed steels to metal-matrix composites.

Commercial testing laboratories perform a variety of tests that help a forge verify the quality of its output and certify test results to the forge’s customers.

In this second of two articles about design of experiments (DOE) and optimization, we illustrate how they apply to forging design.

In order to achieve the benefits that grain flow can impart to a forged component, there is a need to understand the end service of the component to produce a forging with the grain flow of the required orientation in the critical region(s) of the component.

In this first of two articles on how design of experiments (DOE) and optimization can be applied to forging, we will define the terms and illustrate how they fit forging design and process development.